What are the uses of examples in teaching mathematics?

Giving examples, sometimes tons of them, is not an uncommon practice in teaching mathematics. How do we use examples? When do we use them?  In his paper, The  purpose, design,

proportion

What is proportional reasoning? Does cross multiplication help learn it?

Proportional reasoning is a capstone of children’s elementary school arithmetic and a cornerstone of all that is to follow (Lesh & Post, 1988). But for some reason, the teaching of elementary

What is reasoning? How can we teach it?

The  world does not give us complete information that’s why call on our power of reasoning to complete this information the best we can and produce new knowledge.  Mathematics is

What is the role of visualization in mathematics?

Like abstraction and generalization which I described in my earlier posts here and here,visualization is central to the learning and understanding of mathematics. (Note that these processes are also natural