Posted in Mathematics education

Bloom’s Taxonomy and iPad Apps

The original Bloom’s taxonomy include KnowledgeComprehension, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. I was introduced to this when I was in college and I must admit it was not of much help to me in planning my math lessons. I just couldn’t fit it. The pyramid image was not of help at all and I think even created the now much ingrained deductive method of teaching. I think teachers must have unconsciously looked at it as a food pyramid so they give a dose of those of knowledge-acquisition activities first before providing activities  that will engage students in higher-level processes

 

Lorin Anderson, a former student of Bloom, revisited the cognitive domain in the learning taxonomy in the mid-nineties and made some important changes: changing the names in the six categories from noun to verb forms and slightly rearranging them. The new taxonomy reflects a more active form of thinking of Creating, Evaluating, Analyzing, Understanding, and Remembering. I also like the inverted pyramid as long as it is not viewed like there is a strict hierarchy of the categories. In fact in my own experience I just make sure that all these are covered in a lesson as much as possible. The way to do this is to teach mathematics through problem solving or engage students in mathematical investigations. Still, the best framework will still be one tailored to mathematics. For me its my list of Mathematical Habits of Mind.

Revised Bloom's Taxonomy

In searching for Bloom’s taxonomy I came across the image below – Bloom’s taxonomy for iPad. It’s a collection of iPad apps classified according to Bloom’s taxonomy.  I found it cute so I’m including it here. This will come in handy once I have my own iPad and start creating math lesson for this device.

There is also such a thing as Learning Pyramid which compares how we learn things and the retention rate in our brain after 2-3 weeks.

Click here for source of image of Bloom’s Taxonomy for iPads.

Posted in Algebra

Guest post: Online Resources to Supplement Math Lessons

Teachers struggling to improve their students’ math experiences can look online for a plethora of fun and interactive games and programs. All of the online math curriculum help outlined in the following list is free to access and simple enough that a basic computer could run them with no problem. The games are all browser-based, and most will need a version of Adobe Flash Player or equivalent. The first three sites are primarily interactive online games. The last two sites provide printable resources for teachers and students.

1. CSI: Mathematics

This site is the perfect blend of online games and printable supplements. It is organized by grade level and them by subject. Each subject includes a free and printable color resource PDF that gives tips, tricks, and explanations for each subject. There is also an applicable book list included. The PDF would be perfect for in-class reminders and to send home to parents. The site then links to online activity resources for each subject.

2. Sheppard’s Software

This simple and effective site arranges interactive math games by subject. It covers early math through simple algebra. Importantly, it directs students toward games on important concepts like time, measuring, money, and place value.

3. Math Playground

This simple website organizes games by popularity and subject. Students will be attracted to the game through an introductory picture. The games are interesting, although the site is somewhat less organized than the others.

4. Cool Math Games

This is an incredible online resource, and it is first on our list because you just may not have to go any further to find something great for your students. The site is completely free and includes both activities and virtual lessons to supplement teaching. It is visually pleasing and simple enough that elementary-age students could navigate it with some simple directions. It does have an almost overwhelming amount of material.

The best option would be to have a direction and purpose for the class going-in rather than just letting them explore. The website has lessons ranging from basic numeration to pre-calculus work. The one disadvantage to using lessons from this site is the restrictions on printing and downloading. All of the work must be viewed and manipulated through the website. For a class lesson, hook your computer up to the projector.

5. Math.com

This is a site full of resources and games. It is last on the list because it would be the hardest for students to self-navigate. However, it provides an excellent mix of materials including items for homework help and activities for tutors and volunteers.

When it comes to making math interactive and entertaining there is no reason to not try to incorporate as many games as possible.  While technology becomes more and more popular in the classroom, teachers should embrace all forms of online resources in order to supplement their own lessons.

Author: Brandy Olsen

 

Posted in Algebra

Math knowledge for teaching fractions and decimals

No one can teach mathematics without knowing mathematics but not everyone who knows mathematics can teach it well. Below are two tasks about teaching fractions and decimals that would give us a sense of the kind of mathematical knowledge we teachers need to know apart from knowledge of the content of mathematics. As teachers it is expected of us to have knowledge of students difficulties and misconceptions in specific domains of mathematics. We are also expected to know the different representations or models of concepts to design an effective instruction. The two tasks were used in a study about mathematical knowledge for teaching of pre-service teachers.

Task 1

You are teaching in 7th grade. You want to work on multiplication of fractions, using the following numbers:

a) 10 x 3        b) 10 x 3/4          c. 10 x 1 1/5         d. 10/11 x 1 1/5

  • Create a problem using an everyday context, accessible to students and easily visualized, that uses the repeated addition sense for multiplication;
  • Prepare an illustration that works and that you could use for all numbers to help students visualize the operation;
  • Show, for each case, with the illustration and specific explanations, how one can make sense of c) from the answer obtained in a).
Task 2
Arrange the following numbers from the least to the greatest:
           2.46        2.254        2.3       2.052          2.32
Many of your students have written:
2.052     2.3         2.32        2.46     2.254
An others have written:                    
2.052     2.254     2.32        2.46        2.3
Complete the following steps:
  1. Describe and make sense of the error(s) committed by students;
  2. Find a similar task in which the students’ reasoning would lead to the same error, confirming their strategy;
  3. Find a similar task in which the students’ reasoning would lead to a right answer;
  4. How would you intervene in these difficulties
This is the third in the series of posts on mathematical knowledge for teaching. The first is about Tangents to Curves and the second one is about Counting Cubes.
You may use the comment section below to answer the questions or share your thoughts about mathematics teaching.  I hope you find time to discuss this with your co-teachers.
Posted in Math blogs

Math Teachers at Play blog carnival #50

When I sign-up to host the May edition of Math Teachers At Play blog carnival organized by Denise of Let’s Play Math blog, I didn’t know it will be its 50th edition. Wasn’t I lucky? It’s a milestone for MTAP. Kudos to the organizer and supporters of MTAP. But I got one little problem. It is a tradition in math blog carnivals to always starts with saying something mathematically significant about the n in its nth edition! Oh dear. Things I associate with the number 50 are mostly non-mathematical  like golden anniversaries!

the number 50

Wikipedia to the rescue:

Fifty is the smallest number that is the sum of two non-zero square numbers in two distinct ways: 50 = 12 + 72 and 50 = 52 + 52. It is also the sum of three squares, 50 = 32 + 42 + 52.

And I didn’t know that until I hosted this carnival! I’m a teacher I have to ask: “So what’s the next bigger number to 50 that is the sum of two non-zero square numbers in two distinct ways?”; “What are other numbers that can be expressed as a sum of the squares of consecutive numbers?”; “What about those numbers that can be expressed as sum of cubes?”;…  There is always something to investigate in math. One of the major objectives of school math is to get students into this thinking habit without us telling them to do so but I’m digressing from my topic now. Let’s get to the great posts submitted for this edition.

1 – How many bricks are in this building? Says its author Paul Murray: This is an activity I’ve used for years and recently wrote up for a class.  It integrates many problem-solving methods, multiplication, addition, and place value concepts, estimation, and organization of data.   It also takes the students outside with a clearly defined task to accomplish.

2 – Wolfram Alpha. Says it author Coleen Young: This page is from the student version of my blog and has several slideshows showing the syntax for WolframAlpha including a fun show at the end on the sillier questions one can ask! I started this student version because they can just be given the link. One of my former students emailed me recently to tell me how much she was using WolframAlpha at university.

3 – New intuitive ways of learning math by Mohamed Usama. Says Mohamed,  “I am a student and I love game programming. CREVO is just my virtual startup where I publish all my ideas and other news. Math Operations is a game that won local game development competition. That time, I developed this game in Flash. It was just a 48 hour competition but still idea was executed well. At the time when I was receiving my prize I announced that soon, I’ll publish it for all Android devices and here it is. I finally developed this game for all Android & Amazon Kindle Fire devices. Designed graphics (SD & HD) for tablet as well. Last week I published my new version 1.5 and its available on Google Play (Amazon is still reviewing it). I hope you people will love it. I need high support because I really want to make games for kids, education sector is what my target is.

4 – Guess my rule says its author John Golden is a story of an algebra lesson based on a simple, common social game.

5 – You Want School Reform?  Brace Yourself…. submitted by Matt Wilson. Writes Matt in the post “Anybody building a house needs to start by building a foundation, but our system is teaching foundation building without ever teaching anyone what a house actually is…”

6 – Missing Angles says the author of Five Triangles is a non-trivial math problem for middle school students requires some actual thinking.

7 – An elegant solution: An algebra problem from 1798 by Dan Pearcy. Says Dan, I stumbled across this great little problem on John Cook’s blog (The Endeavour) during the weekend. The reasons that it’s so great are two-fold: (1) Most people think they’ve solved it when they have four solutions from their equation when in fact they have not considered that the equation could be written in four different ways. (2) The solutions are so elegant. Possibly because they are all based around the golden ratio.

8 – More on Microsoft Equation Editor says John Chase is a follow-up and more in-depth discussion of http://mrchasemath.wordpress.com/2012/03/15/microsoft-office-equation-editor/.

9 –  Sidewalk Math: Functions. No name was supplied but its from a blog called “The Map is Not the Territory”.

10 –  9 TED talks to get your teens excited about math shared by Caroline Mukisa. A great collection.

11 – Thinking (and teaching) like a mathematician. Says Denise, “Being ‘good at math’ means much more than being able to work with numbers. It means making connections, thinking creatively, seeing familiar things in new ways, asking “Why?” and “What if?” and “Are you sure?” If we want to teach real mathematics, we teachers need to learn to think like mathematicians. We need to see math as a mental game, playing with ideas.”

12 – Tiger’s Mum presents Geometry: 2D and 3D posted at The Tiger Chronicle.

13 –  Another Proof of the Sum of the First n Positive Integers and  The Mathematics of the Poles shared by Guillermo Bautista. The first shows a geometric proof and the second post is a discussion on the connection among poles of the earth, the latitudes and longitudes, and the polar coordinates.

14 – Planning and Analyzing Mathematics Lessons in Lesson Study by Erlina Ronda (that’s me). This is a powerpoint presentation for researching lessons with your colleagues.  Lesson study is schools-based teacher-led professional development model.

15 – The nature of math vs the nature of school math. This is my top post this month. Everybody is concerned about the great divide between math and math education.

The next MTap Carnival will be hosted in  Math Mama Writes.